Electromagnetism and Magnetic Field - 1438 Words

Electromagnetism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Electromagnetism is the physics of the electromagnetic field, a field that exerts a force on particles with the property of electric charge and is reciprocally affected by the presence and motion of such particles. A changing magnetic field produces an electric field (this is the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, the basis of operation for electrical generators, induction motors, and transformers). Similarly, a changing electric field generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field is produced by the motion of electric charges, i.e., electric current. The magnetic field causes the magnetic force associated with magnets. The theoretical†¦show more content†¦All the forces involved in interactions between atoms can be traced to the electromagnetic force acting on the electrically charged protons and electrons inside the atoms. This includes the forces we experience in pushing or pulling or dinary material objects, which come from the intermolecular forces between the individual molecules in our bodies and those in the objects. It also includes all forms of chemical phenomena, which arise from interactions between electron orbitals. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} [edit] Classical electrodynamics Main article: Classical electrodynamics The scientist William Gilbert proposed, in his De Magnete (1600), that electricity and magnetism, while both capable of causing attraction and repulsion of objects, were distinct effects. Mariners had noticed that lightning strikes had the ability to disturb a compass needle, but the link between lightning and electricity was not confirmed until Benjamin Franklins proposed experiments in 1752. One of the first to discover and publish a link between man-made electric current and magnetism was Romagnosi, who in 1802 noticed that connecting a wire across a voltaic pile deflected a nearby compass needle. However, the effect did not become widely known until 1820, when Ørsted performed a similar experiment. Ørsteds work influenced Ampà ¨re to produce aShow MoreRelatedElectricity and Magnetism1396 Words   |  6 PagesHuman civilisation has dealt with magnetism for millennia, earliest evidence dating as far back as 1000 BC where the ancient Chinese civilisation discovered a naturally occurring magnetic ore, magnetite. This ore, commonly known as lodestone was used by the ancient Chinese as a geomagnetic compass, however, no one really knew what magnetism was at the time. For centuries on, we have had basic knowledge regarding electricity based upon static electricity found from rubbing amber and fur. However,Read MoreElectromagnetism Studies the Relationship Between Electricy and Magnetism846 Words   |  4 PagesElectromagnetism is the branch of physics that studies the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Electromagnets are magnets that uses an electric current to attract metal. Electromag nets have many parts that make up them and are used in many things. Electromagnetism has a history that dates back over 200 years. The year 1700 was the first demonstration of an electromagnet, yet scientists didnt know much about electromagnetism (Bellis 1). In 1820, scientists had just started to get deepRead MoreThe Physics Of Magnetic Field867 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough it, is placed in a magnetic field a force is placed on the wire: this is the motor principle and this is the principle behind the loud speaker. Hello, My name is Michael Trevorrow and you will be learning about the loud speaker and electromagnetism. But first, if you want to understand the loud speaker you have to understand electromagnetism. Well electromagnetism is simply ‘the phenomenon of the interaction of electric currents or fields and magnetic fields’. This will become clearerRead MoreThe World Is A State Of Crisis1552 Words   |  7 Pagescurrently trying to pass a law that will disallow Tesla vehicles from being sold in the state. This is just one brief example of a current advancement in the field and an issue that it faces. In this paper we will cover two other systems that are on the forefront of this progression: FlyKly and MagLev. We will go into how each uses electromagnetism to accelerate and decelerate and look at the advantages and possible setbacks of the two During research I came across two emerging technologies that turnRead More Secret of Magnetism Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Electromagnetism is the branch of physics that studies the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Electromagnetism is based on the fact that (1) an electric current or a charging electric field produces a magnetic field or (2) a charging magnetic field produces an electric field. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1820, the Danish scientist Hans Oersted discovered that a conductor carrying an electric current is surrounded by a magnetic field. When he brought a magnetizedRead MoreAre Electromagnetic Field Melt Metal Screw Nuts ( Zinc, Brass, And Stainless Steel1636 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Question and Engineering Goal: Can an electromagnetic field melt metal screw nuts (zinc, brass, and stainless steel)? Our engineering goal is to create a device that will form an electromagnetic field that has the ability to melt an assortment of metals. It might look like magic; however, it is just science! Background: Electromagnetic Field: (noun) a field that is made up of associated electric and magnetic components that result from the motion of an electric charge. It also possessesRead MoreMagnets : Magneto s Revenge1747 Words   |  7 PagesRevenge Magnetism Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena mediated by magnetic fields. All materials are in some way influenced by a magnetic field. The force between any two charged particles depends on the magnitude of the charge on each and the distance that separates them. In addition to electrical forces, there is a force due to the motion of the charged particles known as the magnetic force. Magnetic Poles Magnetic forces exert on one another similarly to electrical forces in that theyRead MoreInvestigation Of A Coil Gun2164 Words   |  9 Pagesfrom Carl Friedrich Gauss, who formulated the mathematical proofs of the electromagnetic effect used by Gauss cannons. The Gauss cannons are often called wrongly railguns from various sources, and while they are similar in general concept (ie, a magnetic weapon), differ in operation, since a railgun accelerates the missiles on two rails parallel conductors. The Gauss cannons are in substance identical to the projector mass, albeit on a smaller scale. Kristian Birkeland is commonly considered theRead MoreString Theory925 Words   |  4 PagesString theory is defined by Merriam-Webster as, A physical theory in which one-dimensional loops travel through space and also merge and lyse as time elapses. This is in contrast to ordinary quantum field theory, which predicts point particles that emit and absorb each other. String theory is a candidate for a Theory of Everything. String theory would solve the long fight between Einsteins theory of relativity and Quantum Physics. String theory proclaims that everything in our universe, fromRead MoreEssay about Concepts, Theories and Unknowns Aspects of Magnetism1684 Words   |  7 Pagesit will probably be easily understood, but none the less intriguing. Magnets have intrigued people for a long time; they were discovered long ago. Certain rocks and ores of iron called lodestones were found. These lodestones which were naturally magnetic rocks made of the mineral magnetite, were so mysterious to people that they caused many superstitions about themselves. One superstition was the belief that there were enormous lodestones rising out of the sea. Many sailors would not venture too

The History of Steroids The Legal and Illegal Usage of...

The use of steroid by athletes has been a controversial issue for some time. One can argue that the usage is totally wrong and it is against the morals and the rules of the games. Although steroids boost up the process of muscle building and endurance, it also has complications in the long run. Those that cheat their way by using and or abusing such chemicals can have serious health defects. A real athlete should work his/her way with hard work and the correct training to build that endurance and strength needed. In such case, is the usage of steroids ethically correct? First of all, what are steroids? â€Å"Steroids are a group of compounds derived from testosterone or produced synthetically to stimulate tissue repair and body growth†.†¦show more content†¦Around this time, Russian doctors were giving testosterone to their athletes because it seemed to increase muscle. Soon after that, a United States coach was also encouraged to do the same. Author Judy Monroe says, â€Å"In response, the United States coach, Dr. John Ziegler, encouraged the United States weight lifters to take testosterone.† After a few athletes heard of this rapid muscle build up, they started using it too. An honest athlete should work hard and train tough to build that endurance and that physical strength. He/she needs to undergo through an extensive physical punishment that will train their body as well as their mind so they can be prepared for they’re performance. It takes them further more training and time to achieve that point in which they feel they are reaching their maximum potential but in the end, they know that they deserve the place they came to. Once they reach that point, they come to a realization that steroids or any physical enhancing chemical is not needed. Not only that but they are less likely to try steroids if they stay away from them in the first place. The athletes’ trainer should and must always keep those chemicals away from the athlete and should never impulse nor comment on ever cheating by taking steroids. Steroids are in general bad for the body. They can cause serious change in the male as in the female body anatomy. It is not whether or not you use them its how much youShow MoreRelatedAnabolic Steroids Should Be Banned1348 Words   |  6 PagesSteroids, more specifically anabolic steroids, are drugs that can be legally prescribed or taken illegally, to boost strength and increase athletic performance. They are based off of the hormone testosterone. On the street where the drug is sold illegally, the common slang names are â€Å"arnolds†, â€Å"gym candy†, â€Å"pumpers†, â€Å"roids†, â€Å"stackers†, â€Å"weight trainers†, and â€Å"juice†. Steroids have a long, long history, especially in regards to sporting events. Anabolic steroids were not really used worldwide untilRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs in Baseball and the Hall of Fame1749 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the dictionary a Hall of Fame is a building set aside to honor outstanding individuals in any profession. The Baseball Hall of Fame specifically is an American History Museum and Hall of Fame for Major League Baseball. There are however certain players who have not been allowed entrance to the hall of fame. These players may not have been allowed in for two reasons; the first is possibly because of their use (alleged or proven) of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs), or it may alsoRead MoreShouldnt Professional Athletes Benefit from Advances in Medicine?2016 Words   |  9 Pagesoutweigh any risks; it’s not cheating and doesn’t violate the spirit of the sport. Therefore, it’s time for performance enhancing drugs to be mad e legal for professional athletes under proper care of medical professionals. So what exactly is a performance enhancing drug? Most people hear the words performance enhancing drug and quickly associate them with â€Å"steroid†. This isn’t exactly true. A performance enhancing drug is defined as â€Å"any substance or drug that people take so that they will be more successfulRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs4152 Words   |  17 Pagesathletes are randomly tested by their professional leagues. Each American league has their own method of dealing with athletes who abuse banned substances. These methods of punishment can range from a fine to expulsion from the league. The use of illegal drugs to enhance performance is called doping. What doping involves is misusing medicinal products or techniques (European Commission). Doping is not a new concept. It has been around as early as the Neolithic era with the use of poppy andRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States2690 Words   |  11 Pagesofficers are more likely to stop an African-American under suspicion of possible criminal activity. In Arizona the strict immigration law has allowed police officers to detain, harass and arrest any Hispanic under the suspicion that they may be an illegal immigrant† (Chavez). Statistics show that although minorities are more likely to be searched on probable cause, the chances of them being found with weapons or drugs is lower than the chances of a Caucasian. â€Å"Police brutality among minorities is alsoRead MoreBirth Control3313 Words   |  14 Pagescontroversies about the pill remain such as lawsuits claiming that the drug causing blood clo ts, strokes, and heart attacks. Introduction Today, the development of birth control in a pill does not seem like such a great stepping stone in human history. If anything, it seems like a natural part of life and researchers are more focused on finding a cure for cancer. After all, there are many other forms of contraceptives such as condoms, vaginal rings, spermicides, etc. Surely a vasectomy seems toRead More Drug Legalization by Seth Sprague Essay2448 Words   |  10 Pageswhether it is heroin or that addictive chocolate bar in the express lane aisle of your favorite grocery store. In this case we need to permit new stimulants and legalize illegal drugs so that American companies and tax paying citizens can profit. If all drugs were legalized tomorrow, drug dealers, terrorists funded by illegal drugs, and black market rings would all suffer; if not permanently put out of business. There would be no need for expensive anti-drug commercials and D.A.R.E. typeRead MoreBusiness Law5663 Words   |  23 PagesChapter 1 THE NATURE AND SOURCES OF LAW A. Nature of Law and Legal Rights 1. LEGAL RIGHTS 2. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS 3. THE RIGHT OF PRIVACY 4. PRIVACY AND TECHNOLOGY B. Sources of Law C. Uniform State Laws D. Classifications of Law Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Licensed to: iChapters User 4 Part 1 The Legal and Social Environment of Business law – the order or pattern of rules that society establishesRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuan Marijuana1743 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment insists on preserving the status quo that the development, possession and use of marijuana is criminal despite the evidence that the legalization of marijuana would have a positive influence on America. In this paper I will talk about the history of marijuana, the industrial uses of hemp, the ban of marijuana, the economical impact prohibition has on America, the effects of cannabis use on the brain and the physical structure, marijuana for medical purpose, and how legalization of marijuanaRead MoreMarijuana: Legalizing It!2425 Words   |  10 PagesFederal government insists on maintaining the status quo that the growth, possession and use of marijuana is criminal despite the evidence that the legalization of marijuana would have a positive influence on America. In this paper I will discuss the history of marijuana, the industrial uses of hemp, the prohibition of marijuana, the economic impact prohibition has on America, the effects of marijuana use on the mind and the body, marijuana for medical use, and how legalization of marijuana would have

Case Study Parkinson Disease

Question: Write about theCase Studyfor Parkinson Disease. Answer: Introduction Parkinson disease is a neurological disorder that commonly affects about one percent of the individuals aged sixty years and above. There are two major neuropathologic findings regarding the Parkinsons disease; the subsequential destruction of the brain neuron pigments located at the susbstancia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the occurrence of the Lewy bodies and neurites(Allen, Schwarzel, Canning, 2013). In the case study, John aged seventy-five years, having diagnosed for Parkinsons disease get admission to the emergency department. He has shown some signs of the disease such as tremor, decreased mobility, restlessness, and agitations. In the essay, I shall focus attention on the causes, risk factors, clinical manifestations of the Parkinsons disease, physical assessment, management and medication for patients with the health condition and relate it to the case study for John. Finally, shall discuss the nursing care plan and discharge plan with relevance to Johns case study. Possible Causes/Risk Factors that lead to Parkinsons Disease The etiological causes of the condition are quite unclear and still unknown. But, scientists have come up with hypotheses stating the most likely causes of the disease include both the genetic factors and the environmental factors. Presently, the genetic factors contribute to averagely ten percent of the population for the condition. Also, neuropathologic findings show that the loss of dopamine and presence of Lewy body and Lewy neurites causes Parkinsons disease(Pringsheim, Jette, Frolkis, Steeves, 2014). Other risk factors which place an individual at higher chances of developing the disease include the age, gender, occupations, and race. Age is the major risk for developing the disease as in the case of John who is above 50 years. Scientists do believe that the functioning of the brain and dopamine starts to decline as the individual ages, making him more susceptible to the disease. Men are at higher risk to develop Parkinsons disease than women. Research conducted show that some occupations put an individual in greater danger of developing the disease(Pagonbarraga, Kulisevsky, Strafella, Krack, 2015). For instance, welding, agriculture and industrial work in which people get exposed to the toxic substances. Furthermore, some researchers have shown that Caucasians are more susceptible to develop the disease than Africans. Lastly, consumption of alcohols like in the case of John would have exposed him to high risk of developing the disease. Signs and Symptoms of Parkinsons Disease and the Key Physical Assessment There are three cardinal indicators for the disease which include; general tremor, the bradykinesia and being rigid. Another sign is that of body imbalance. In the case study, John shows the signs of generalized tremor, decreased mobility and lack of body stability which results in a fall before admission to hospital. Tremor might occur while one is at rest, typically commencing at one of the hands, his leg and eventually the entire body parts(Szewczyk-krolikowski, et al., 2014). Generalized tremor noted in John acts as a hallmark of the disease thus giving a clue for the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinsons disease. John experiences rigidity and that is the reason as to why in the case study he complains of hip and back discomfort. John has the symptom of bradykinesia that is shown by the decreased mobility. Other symptoms in the johns case include depression and anxiety about his medication, fatigue and problematic mental processes. Physical assessment of the patients condition invol ves the gross examination to evaluate the signs(Sawada, et al., 2013). For instance, an examiner would evaluate Johns tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability through just observation. Another physical assessment would involve the use of a scale device known as Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale which has the four subscales. Subscale 1 measures the mentation, behavior and the mood. Subscale 2 rates ones daily activities. Subscale 3 rates the motor manifestations and subscale 4 examinations therapy complications. Finally, the assessment can be through the interviewing of the patient, John, on the presence or the absence of possible signs of Parkinsons disease. Medical Management of Parkinsons Disease Patients The objective of the medical management of the disease is to offer the control of the clinical manifestations as much as possible while minimizing the adverse effects. In the case study, John should be advised to undertake daily exercises so as to improve his mobility(Trinh Farrer, 2013). He should do regular exercises that include, walking, strength training, or Tai Chi so as to improve and maintain mobility, balance, and coordination. Also, John should be advised on to take a balanced diet and stop consuming alcohol. John should be given medications for the motor symptoms diagnosed. Although Parkinson disease has no cure, there are several categories of drugs that are available to offer successful treatment of the motor signs and symptoms. Medications are available either in the generic form or via the special programs for affordability(Reeve, Simcox, Turnbull, 2014). The medications include; citalopram (20mgms daily) also known as the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, used for depression treatment. It functions through restoring the balance of serotonin in the brain. Kinson acts as a dopamine precursor to treating the major signs of the disease. Madopar HBS 125 mg Nocte contain the levodopa and the benserazide active ingredients. It used to serve as a treatment agent for Parkinson disease, acting as an antiparkinsonian agent. Other medications for the condition include; dopamine agonists (Apokyn, Pramipexole, and Rotigotine) which imitate the activity of dopamine, COMT Inhibitors that are used together with Kinson, and the Selective MAO-B Inhibitors which blocks the MAO-B enzyme in the brain from breaking dopamine. Holistic Nursing Care Plan Using NANDA The NANDA nursing diagnosis for John would involve the examination and evaluation of his reduced mobility, confusion, generalized tremor, bradykinesia, restless and agitation. The examination would be either through physical examination or use of x-rays. The goals relevant to the nursing diagnosis for John include patient, achieving his mobility, reduced pain on the lower limbs, reduced anxiety and no confusion, body stability and feeling restful(Cummings, et al., 2014). The following nursing interventions would be appropriate in the holistic care for John; observing and assessing his movement and body posture, assessing his mental processing speed, monitoring the coughing risk, administering the appropriate medications. Rationale Johns movement slows with age and chronic disease. His body posture also bends as he ages. His mental processor also becomes slower as he ages. Hence, he takes long to think and give a response, the coughing upon sipping water decreases on using cough syrup administered at the hospital(Lees, et al., 2017). Finally, the benefit of medications emerges when the prescribed drugs are used appropriately as per the instructions. Evaluation John should be encouraged to exercise daily for two hours, increase intake of fluids up to 6-8 glasses per day and his movement and body stability monitored every day. His anxiety should get monitored after every six hours. Discharge Plan for John John would get discharged from the hospital upon regaining his normal health status and strength to walk unaided. He should get motivation to contribute actively in decision making concerning his health status. John and his wife should give pieces of information about his health status and the expected or current challenges(Gulanick Myers, 2013). John and his wife should be referred to a social worker or a psychologist to receive the psychosocial support. Furthermore, John and wife should get guided on how to prevent falls. The couple should also be advised to disclose any additional information which may be essential in financial budgeting and planning, life assurance, application for the disability kit, and the admission into either a nursing center or an assisted living facility. Conclusion It is evident and clear that John is amongst the one percent people who are highly susceptible to Parkinson disease due to old age. His gender also contributes heavily to the susceptibility of the condition. Though neuropathologic findings show that Parkinson disease originates from two major factors, genetic and environmental factors, in Johns case there is no historical information to support these factors. John has the four major symptoms of Parkinsons disease which include, generalized tremor, the rigidity, the bradykinesia and reduced mobility among others. Epidemiology holds that the incidence and prevalence of the condition increase with age. Clinical manifestations help in the nursing diagnosis of the patient. The NANDA holistic nursing is the caring of the patients. Finally, patient education at the point of patient discharge is important in encouraging the patient to participate in decision making regarding their health status. Also, patient education sheds light to the pat ient and caregivers on the understanding of the disease condition and offers referral to allied institutions or professionals for psychosocial support. References Allen, N. E., Schwarzel, A. K., Canning, C. G. (2013). Recurrent falls in Parkinsons disease: a systematic review.Parkinsons Disease,2013. Pringsheim, T., Jette, N., Frolkis, A., Steeves, T. D. (2014). The prevalence of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta?analysis.Movement disorders,29(13), 1583-1590. Pagonabarraga, J., Kulisevsky, J., Strafella, A. P., Krack, P. (2015). Apathy in Parkinson's disease: clinical features, neural substrates, diagnosis, and treatment.The Lancet Neurology,14(5), 518-531. Szewczyk-Krolikowski, K., Tomlinson, P., Nithi, K., Wade-Martins, R., Talbot, K., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Hu, M. T. (2014). The influence of age and gender on motor and non-motor features of early Parkinson's disease: initial findings from the Oxford Parkinson Disease Center (OPDC) discovery cohort.Parkinsonism related disorders,20(1), 99-105. Trinh, J., Farrer, M. (2013). Advances in the genetics of Parkinson disease.Nature Reviews Neurology,9(8), 445-454. Reeve, A., Simcox, E., Turnbull, D. (2014). Ageing and Parkinson's disease: why is advancing age the biggest risk factor?.Ageing research reviews,14, 19-30. Sawada, H., Oeda, T., Yamamoto, K., Umemura, A., Tomita, S., Hayashi, R., ... Kawamura, T. (2013). Trigger medications and patient-related risk factors for Parkinson disease psychosis requiring anti-psychotic drugs: a retrospective cohort study.BMC neurology,13(1), 145. Cummings, J., Isaacson, S., Mills, R., Williams, H., Chi-Burris, K., Corbett, A., ... Ballard, C. (2014). Pimavanserin for patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.The Lancet,383(9916), 533-540. Gulanick, M., Myers, J. L. (2013).Nursing care plans: nursing diagnosis and intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lees, A. J., Ferreira, J., Rascol, O., Poewe, W., Rocha, J. F., McCrory, M., Soares-da-Silva, P. (2017). Opicapone as adjunct to levodopa therapy in patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: A randomized clinical trial.Jama neurology,74(2), 197-206.

Martin Essay Example For Students

Martin Essay altered from holy day, day set aside for the commemoration of an important event. Holidays are often accompanied by public ceremonies, such as parades and carnivals, and by religious observances; they may also be simply a time for relaxation. Days of commemoration are observed throughout the world, e.g., Bastille Day in France, May Day in Russia, and the New Year in China. National holidays are observed throughout a country and are considered legal if proclaimed by the central government. In the United States the state governments have jurisdiction over the celebration of holidays, except with regard to federal employees and agencies. On legal holidays banks and schools are closed and business transactions are restricted. New Years Day, Presidents Day (a combined observance of George Washingtons and Abraham Lincolns birthdays that occurs near the date of Washingtons birthday), the Fourth of July (Independence Day), Labor Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day are lega l holidays observed by all the states. Abraham Lincolns birthday, Memorial Day, Election Day, Columbus Day, and Martin Luther King, Jr.s birthday are legal holidays in most states. Many special occasions are observed by single states or by a group of states, such as Patriots Day (in Massachusetts and Maine) and the Confederate Memorial Day. In 1971 the U.S. Congress created several three-day weekends for federal employees by proclaiming that certain holidays be observed on Monday regardless of their actual dates. Holidays now celebrated on Monday in most states include Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Columbus Day and Veterans Day. For religious holidays, see feast. See also bank holidays. 1 See E. M. Deems, ed., Holy-da altered from holy day, day set aside for the commemoration of an important event. Holidays are often accompanied by public ceremonies, such as parades and carnivals, and by religious observances; they may also be simply a time for relaxatio n. Days of commemoration are observed throughout the world, e.g., Bastille Day in France, May Day in Russia, and the New Year in China. National holidays are observed throughout a country and are considered legal if proclaimed by the central government. In the United States the state governments have jurisdiction over the celebration of holidays, except with regard to federal employees and agencies. On legal holidays banks and schools are closed and business transactions are restricted. New Years Day, Presidents Day (a combined observance of George Washingtons and Abraham Lincolns birthdays that occurs near the date of Washingtons birthday), the Fourth of July (Independence Day), Labor Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day are legal holidays observed by all the states. Abraham Lincolns birthday, Memorial Day, Election Day, Columbus Day, and Martin Luther King, Jr.s birthday are legal holidays in most states. Many special occasions are observed by single states or by a group of states, such as Patriots Day (in Massachusetts and Maine) and the Confederate Memorial Day. In 1971 the U.S. Congress created several three-day weekends for federal employees by proclaiming that certain holidays be observed on Monday regardless of their actual dates. Holidays now celebrated on Monday in most states include Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Columbus Day and Veterans Day. For religious holidays, see feast. See also bank holidays. 1 See E. M. Deems, ed., Holy-days altered from holy day, day set aside for the commemoration of an important event. Holidays are often accompanied by public ceremonies, such as parades and carnivals, and by religious observances; they may also be simply a time for relaxation. Days of commemoration are observed throughout the world, e.g., Bastille Day in France, May Day in Russia, and the New Year in China. National holidays are observed throughout a country and are considered legal if proclaimed by the cen tral government. In the United States the state governments have jurisdiction over the celebration of holidays, except with regard to federal employees and agencies. On legal holidays banks and schools are closed and business transactions are restricted. New Years Day, Presidents Day (a combined observance of George Washingtons and Abraham Lincolns birthdays that occurs near the date of Washingtons birthday), the Fourth of July (Independence Day), Labor Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day are legal holidays .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .postImageUrl , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:hover , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:visited , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:active { border:0!important; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:active , .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue1f6d0bde8d43e3af4b04dc3d4cca59d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Comparing Oedipus and Othello Essay